Cocaine – induced illnesses

Authors

  • José António Pereira de Jesus Antunes Instituto para os Comportamentos Aditivos e Dependências (ICAD, I.P.), Polo Oeiras-Cascais/Carcavelos, Portugal; Centro de Estudos Globais, Universidade Aberta, Lisboa, Portugal. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69849/dbf3gw40

Keywords:

Cocaine, levamisole, diseases, review

Abstract

Cocaine use has increased in recent years, along with related health problems. Adding to this problem is the fact that much of the cocaine consumed is adulterated, notably with levamisole, which has significant potential to trigger other health problems, particularly autoimmune reactions. A search was conducted in the biomedical literature for articles published in the last five years on the adverse effects of cocaine on health.

In addition to influencing the nervous system as a psychoactive substance, cocaine has systemic effects and impacts various organs and systems of the human body. Healthcare professionals should be aware of these manifestations, which can easily go unnoticed.

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Published

2026-03-13

How to Cite

Antunes, J. A. P. de J. (2026). Cocaine – induced illnesses. Revista Ft, 30(156), 01-27. https://doi.org/10.69849/dbf3gw40