Self-Medication with over-the-counter antacids, antiemetics, and analgesics during pregnancy: An integrative literature review on risks and therapeutic safety

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69849/mf0d8b48

Keywords:

Pregnancy, Self-medication, Drug safety, Fetal risk

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the potential risks associated with self-medication for the treatment of common symptoms during pregnancy using commonly used over-the-counter medications, particularly antacids, antiemetics, analgesics, and nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The study addresses their potential adverse effects and the possible consequences for fetal development. The research seeks to understand how the inappropriate use of these drugs may impact maternal-fetal health, as well as to discuss safer therapeutic alternatives and the importance of medical supervision throughout the entire gestational period. The study also highlights the relevance of considering the gestational trimester when selecting and administering medications, since therapeutic safety may vary according to the stages of pregnancy. This is a qualitative, descriptive study conducted through an integrative literature review, based on secondary data obtained from scientific databases and official documents. The results showed that self-medication during pregnancy is a frequent practice, especially for the management of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, heartburn, headache, and musculoskeletal pain. Among the most commonly used medications are analgesics, antacids, and antiemetics. However, some of these drugs may present potential risks to fetal development, particularly when used without professional guidance or during specific periods of pregnancy. Conversely, safer therapeutic alternatives have been described in the literature when used appropriately. It can be concluded that, although there are relatively safe therapeutic options for managing common symptoms during pregnancy, self-medication may represent risks to the maternal-fetal binomial. Therefore, the importance of guidance by healthcare professionals and the rational use of medications during pregnancy is reinforced.

References

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Published

2026-03-31

How to Cite

Gil, N. E. (2026). Self-Medication with over-the-counter antacids, antiemetics, and analgesics during pregnancy: An integrative literature review on risks and therapeutic safety. Revista Ft, 30(156), 01-15. https://doi.org/10.69849/mf0d8b48