Surgical approaches in total hip arthroplasty: systematic review of recent literature and classical foundations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69849/wtaz8p11Keywords:
Total hip arthroplasty, surgical approach, complications, functional outcomes, minimally invasive techniquesAbstract
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most frequently performed orthopedic procedures worldwide, with high success rates in pain reduction and functional restoration. The choice of surgical approach plays a critical role in postoperative outcomes, affecting complication rates, muscle injury, rehabilitation time, and joint stability. This study presents a systematic review of literature published between 2020 and 2026, complemented by classical foundations, to compare the main surgical approach
The results show that the direct anterior approach (DAA) provides better early functional recovery, lower blood loss, and superior initial mobility, although it requires a longer learning curve. The lateral approach offers excellent joint stability but may be associated with transient abductor mechanism dysfunction. The posterior approach remains widely used as a well-established technique with consolidated technical mastery, although it presents a higher risk of dislocation. Recent minimally invasive approaches, such as the direct superior and SuperPATH, show promising results in terms of early functional recovery and reduced tissue trauma, without compromising procedural safety.
In conclusion, there is no universally superior surgical approach; the choice must be individualized, considering the patient’s clinical profile, surgeon experience, and desired functional recovery outcomes.
Keywords: Total hip arthroplasty; surgical approach; complications; functional outcomes; minimally invasive techniques.
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